The bulldog is an unmistakable dog. The muscular build, large square head, and hanging jaw fold often give it a very distinctive appearance. However, not all the bulldogs we see out there belong to the same breed, nor have they been bred the same. Did you know that there are numerous types of bulldogs?
It is said that due to crossbreeding with other breeds, there was a time when at least two dozen different bulldogs existed. Although many of them are considered extinct today, we can still see a great variety within the breed.
Keep reading below to find out how many types of bulldogs there are, how they developed, how they differ, and what best identifies each of them.
Table of Contents
What are the types of bulldog dogs?
When talking about bulldogs, we usually think of the English, American, or French bulldog. Without a doubt, these are the 3 most popular variations; but there are others that also enjoy great admiration around the world.
In general, these are the different types of bulldog to consider:
- English bulldog
- American bulldog
- French bulldog
- Australian bulldog
- Old English bulldog
- Bulldog Catahoula
- Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog
- Ca de Bou
- Victorian bulldog
- Valley Bulldog
- Bulldog
- Mainland bulldog
- Bullmastiff
These bulldogs have different histories, different looks, and even different temperaments. Of course, all bulldogs share something in common: their ancestors.
So let’s see what makes them unique…
English Bulldog
It all started with the English bulldog. Historical evidence suggests that this dog emerged in the thirteenth century, in England. At that time it was used as a guard dog, but its main objective was blood sports, specifically bull fattening.
Given his fearless, fierce, and tenacious attitude, the English bulldog was thrown into a bull pit to fight. Once inside, its strong jaws served to outwit and hold the great animal. This is how the name “bulldog” was born.
Once bull fattening was banned, breeders devoted their efforts to making this bulldog the gentle, calm, family pet we know today.
Although its stocky, muscular structure and that intimidating bite can give us the impression of an aggressive dog, the truth is that the English bulldog is quite docile and affectionate.
Most of them exhibit a relaxed and carefree character, which makes them patient and affectionate with children.
They also tend to get along well with other pets in the household but may show territorial aggression toward unfamiliar dogs, or potential threats.
- Origin: England
- Life expectancy: 8-10 years
- Height: 35-38cm
- Weight: 18-22kg
- Temperament: friendly, docile, outgoing
American Bulldog
The American bulldog is the classic dog that demonstrates endurance, agility, and strength. It is a direct descendant of the English bulldog, although it is slightly more athletic, taller, and heavier. After its arrival in North America in the 19th century, the breed evolved as an agricultural working dog. The American bulldog was capable of guarding cattle, herding, and capturing wild boar.
Sometime later, his even-tempered and obedient personality led him to become an excellent family pet. He is often described as an oversized dog with a lapdog attitude. He loves to please his owner, adopting a true clown attitude.
On the other hand, he is an incredibly brave dog, who will be ready to defend you if he thinks it necessary.
When well socialized, American Bulldogs are very affectionate with children and tend to get along with other animals. They are usually wary, but not aggressive, towards strangers.
A peculiarity of the American dog is its high level of energy. It is important that you get to exercise every day; otherwise, it can develop destructive tendencies.
- Origin: United States
- Life expectancy: 10-14 years
- Height: 50-71cm
- Weight: 27-54kg
- Temperament: loyal, self-confident, friendly, protective
Recommended: How Many Types of American Bulldog Are There? Features and Differences + Photos
French Bulldog
As much admired as the English and American bulldogs are, the most popular type of bulldog is the French. Also known as the Frenchie, this dog was bred with the intention of obtaining a smaller, more attractive bulldog for most families.
The first specimens of the breed are said to have appeared during the Industrial Revolution in Nottingham, England. They soon became very popular companions among lacemakers, as their size enabled them to accommodate apartment life.
Later, when the center of the lace industry moved to northern France, many workers moved there, bringing their adorable dogs with them. Little by little, the old Frenchie was crossed with other popular breeds, giving rise to the modern French bulldog.
This bulldog has the most distinctive physique among all other types, not only because of its size but also because of its large bat-like ears and short, flat snout. Like his close relatives, he remains a compact, muscular dog.
It is excellent as a companion animal. He usually has a cheerful, curious, and enthusiastic personality. Although it does not require much exercise, it is important that it has the opportunity to play.
- Origin: England, France
- Life expectancy: 10-12 years
- Height: 30cm
- Weight: 8-12kg
- Temperament: affectionate, playful, alert, patient, cunning
Australian Bulldog
As the name suggests, this type of bulldog originated in Australia around 1998. Although the Australian bulldog is very similar to its English cousin, there are obvious influences from other breeds, for example, the boxer.
This breed was developed by Noel and Tina Green, the founders of an Australian breeding program, whose goal was to obtain a functional bulldog that would be better suited to the harsh Australian climate.
As you might expect, the main breed used was the English bulldog. From its cross with the boxer, the Bullmastiff, and the Staffordshire bull terrier, the new Australian dog was obtained. It is a bulldog similar to its predecessor in appearance and temperament, but much healthier and more heat tolerant.
The Australian bulldog can be the perfect pet for those who want a fun, easygoing, intelligent, and loyal dog. He loves to swim and play in the water, which is why he is the ideal companion to take to the beach. He is usually a good children’s bulldog and is suited to both home and apartment life.
Its typical state of alert makes it a good alarm dog, although it is worth clarifying that it is not good as a guard dog.
- Origin: Australia
- Life expectancy: 10-12 years
- Height: 43-50cm
- Weight: 22-35kg
- Temperament: affectionate, loyal, sociable, intelligent
Old English bulldog
Many mistakenly believe that the Old English Bulldog and the English Bulldog are the same, but the reality is that they are two different types of the bulldog. The English bulldog is the result of a mix between the English mastiff, American bulldog, English bulldog, and pitbull terrier breeds.
Developed in the 1970s by David Leavitt, the Old English Bulldogge was intended to bring back the 18th-century bulldog. Leavitt wanted to breed a dog that would retain the looks, health, and athleticism of the old bulldogs.
The end result was a powerful, athletic bulldog with all the physical qualities of the bully dogs of the past, but with a sweeter temperament. The Bulldogge is larger, more agile, and energetic than the English variety; his face is also less flat.
While he can be willful, brave, and assertive as a guard dog, he also exhibits a kind and loving side. As an owner, it is important to note that this bulldog is alpha-minded; You must make it clear to him who is the leader of the pack from when he is a puppy to establish the hierarchy of the home.
- Origin: United States
- Life expectancy: 11 years or more
- Height: 40-51cm
- Weight: 22-36kg
- Temperament: brave, adaptable, docile, protective
Catahoula Bulldog
The Catahoula Bulldog is a cross between the American Bulldog and the Catahoula Leopard Dog. Despite being a hybrid, this type of bulldog has been around for over 100 years.
The Catahoula leopard originated in Louisiana, hence the Catahoula bulldog breed also gained popularity in the southern United States. The breed was developed for the execution of common tasks in the region, such as hunting big game and herding cattle.
Although many people may not have heard of them, at the time these bulldogs were very successful. The Catahoula brought out the best in both parents. Physically, it is noted for its wide variety of colors and intensely vivid eyes. Character-wise, he is described as a kind, loyal companion and an excellent guardian.
He is extremely affectionate with his family members. It tends to get along well with children but is recommended for homes with older children. It is not that it is aggressive by nature, but it can hurt very young children. Also, consider that the Catahoula bulldog does not like strangers.
- Origin: United States
- Life expectancy: 10-14 years
- Height: 61-66cm
- Weight: 34-46kg
- Temperament: active, agile, devoted, protective, loyal, versatile
Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog
You are probably wondering: what is the reason for such a peculiar name? Apparently, the name “ Blue Blood Alapaha ” arose due to the belief that this dog represented nobility. It is said that the first breeder of him was an enthusiast named Papa Buck Lane.
This type of bulldog was developed in the southern United States for the purpose of herding cattle and chasing and catching other animals. It was also used as a guard dog.
His past has led him to be a dog with strong protective instincts. It is said that he will be willing to fight to the death to protect his owners. He is usually exceptionally protective of children.
Even so, he is described as an adaptable, kind, helpful, and affectionate pet. He attaches great importance to the role he plays as a member of the family.
Of course, he is usually very selective with new people and does not always get along with other dogs.
Physically, the corpulent Alapaha is larger and stronger than the English bulldog.
In general, it is not the right bulldog for people without experience. If he doesn’t receive proper training and socialization, he can be difficult to handle.
- Origin: United States
- Life expectancy: 12-15 years
- Height: 61cm
- Weight: 34-47kg
- Temperament: alert, protective, friendly, adaptable, hard-working, intelligent
Ca de Bou
The Ca de Bou, sometimes known as the Majorcan bulldog, is a type of bulldog breed originating from the island of Majorca, off the east coast of Spain. Like other of its relatives, this is a strong and muscular bulldog that emerged as a guard dog and bull feeder.
According to historians, the original Ca de Bou was on the verge of extinction after World War II. The cross between the few remaining specimens and other Spanish dogs (Majorcan shepherd, Spanish Alano) gave rise to the current Ca de Bou.
Today, it is a good family companion, often used as a household guard dog. He can be incredibly devoted, caring, and patient with children. However, their enormous size and intelligence make establishing a hierarchy in the relationship essential. You must know at all times who is the alpha of the pack.
Not recommended for first-time owners. Training and socialization from puppyhood are basic in this breed.
- Origin Spain
- Life expectancy: 10-12 years
- Height: 50-58cm
- Weight: 29-38kg
- Temperament: Very intelligent, courageous, calm, dominant
Victorian Bulldog
The Victorian Bulldog is a type of friendly bully whose revival is largely credited to breeder Ken Mollett. The history of this dog dates back to the Victorian era, hence the name. In the 1980s, Mollett set out to bring back the iconic era’s bulldogs.
For this, he used a combination of English bulldogs with bull terriers, Staffordshire bull terriers, and bullmastiffs. The result was not only a breed similar to the old Victorian dogs but also healthier.
The Victorian bulldog variety is slightly taller and less wide than typical bulldogs. He has fewer respiratory problems, which is a big concern for most brachycephalic breeds, such as the traditional English bulldog.
He retains the same carefree, affectionate and calm personality. He is said to be a reliable and emotionally intuitive dog. As a family pet he is second to none; not only is he excellent with children, but he tends to get along with other animals.
Even so, you must receive the proper training; otherwise, he might try to take over.
- Origin: England
- Life expectancy: 10-12 years
- Height: 41-48cm
- Weight: 25-34kg
- Temperament: loving, gentle, sociable, calm, trustworthy
Valley Bulldog
The Valley Bulldog is another type of hybrid bulldog. To be specific, it is the result of the cross between the English bulldog and the boxer. It is considered a rare bulldog breed, perhaps the cause of its growing popularity in recent years.
This dog had been developing in the Annapolis Valley, a region of Nova Scotia, Canada, where it was used as a work companion. But it was not until the middle of the 20th century that the breed became known and began to gain international fame.
As a hybrid, it shares characteristics of both parents. He tends to be friendly and humorous by nature, as well as being active, relaxed, playful, and curious. He thrives very well on human interaction and loves to be the center of attention.
- Origin: Canada
- Life expectancy: 10-12 years
- Height: 35-45cm
- Weight: 18-36kg
- Temperament: active, energetic, affectionate, comical, relaxed, playful
